What is the main objective of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty?

The main objective of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) is to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy. This treaty, which opened for signature in 1968, establishes a framework for controlling the proliferation of nuclear weapons and facilitating cooperation in the development of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes among its signatory states.

The NPT has three main pillars: non-proliferation, disarmament, and the promotion of peaceful uses of nuclear energy. By focusing on both the prevention of new nuclear states and the encouragement of the responsible use of nuclear technology, the treaty aims to enhance global security and encourage cooperation in various fields, including energy, medicine, and agriculture.

While regulating nuclear energy production is important, that is not the exclusive aim of the NPT. Likewise, promoting scientific research in nuclear physics or managing radioactive waste disposal are not central goals of the treaty. Rather, these activities are often part of the broader context of nuclear governance but do not encapsulate the treaty's primary focus.